Jeltoqsan (Kazakh: Желтоқсан; English: December) riot of 1986 was a spontaneous nationwide In the following days, protests spread to Chimkent, Taldy Kyrgan and Karaganda.

Protests
The Central Committee of Kazakhstan's Communist Party estimated that 11,000 people protested, 660 were arrested and jailed. More recent estimates are of at least 30,000 or 40,000 protestors, 5,000 arrested and jailed, an unknown number of casualties.

Independence

Dinmukhamed Kunayev
Black January
Vilnius massacre
April 9 tragedy
Nursultan Nazarbayev
Zharmakhan Tuyakbay
Gorbachev
Tulip Revolution
Student activism